Which of the following best define Risk analysis?A process used by the person or the person’s assigned risk management functions to determine the potential severity of the loss from an identified ri

Which of the following best define Risk analysis?
A process used by the person or the person’s assigned risk management functions to determine the potential severity of the loss from an identified risk, the probability that the loss will happen, and alternatives for dealing with the risk.
Working with business units to assist the leaders in understanding risk in business transactions
Advising staff and leaders on the best approach to manage the new or emerging risk for the organization
Providing leadership to maintain an understanding of the organization’s mission and goals, and defining who is able to provide direction
2 points
The purpose of patient safety is to provide a safe environment, to explore the possibility of failure, and to create “defenses” that will change the current system of operation in order to reduce the potential for failure.
Patient safety is about the organizational tactics to fix problems. Focus is on individual case, Post- event investigation, Implement tactics to address the event rather than the system failures, Relationship with legal standard of care, Unexpected outcomes drive the process.
Which of the followings is not a characteristic of board engagement in quality improvement and patient safety identified by the Executive Quality Improvement Survey?
The board receives a formal quality-performance- measurement report.
There is a high level of interaction between the board and the medical staff on quality strategy.
The senior executives’ compensation is based in part on quality performance.
The board sets clear policies and procedures to guide the medical staff.
Duty of care requires the board to make responsible and informed decisions on behalf of the organization
Duty of obedience is the obligation to further the purposes of the organization as set forth in its articles of incorporation or bylaws.
Medical malpractice, a professional-liability subset of negligence law, has never been criticized on the grounds of inefficiency and poor distribution
Medical malpractice is the longest- standing social- incentive structure that attempts to promote safety in healthcare delivery and represents an ethos of individual responsibility
Which of the following best describe Enterprise Risk Management?
Enterprise risk management is a comprehensive process which evaluates all risk exposures confronting an organization from the top down.
Enterprise risk management is a process, effected by an entity’s board of directors, management and other personnel, applied in strategy setting and across the enterprise, designed to identify potential events that may affect the entity, and manage risks to be within its risk appetite
Enterprise risk management process is a broad- based discipline requiring the active involvement of all in healthcare and has risk identification and analysis, risk prioritization, and the implementation and monitoring of risk mitigation initiatives at its core.
Enterprise risk management is an enterprise- wide process designed to identify potential events that may affect the entity, determine the enterprise’s appetite for risk, and manage the event risk according to enterprise objectives.
Which of the following best define Financial Risk?
The business of health care is the delivery of care that is safe, timely, effective, efficient, and patient-centered within diverse populations.
These risks affect the profitability, cash position, access to capital or external financial ratings through business relationships, or the timing and recognition of revenue and expenses.
Risks associated with brand and reputation, business strategy, and failure to adapt to a changing healthcare environment, changing customer priorities, and competition.
Refer to the organization’s most valuable asset: its workforce. This is an explosive area of exposure in today’s tight labor and economic markets
Which of the following best define Operational Risks?
The business of health care is the delivery of care that is safe, timely, effective, efficient, and patient centered within diverse populations.
The Sarbanes– Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) requires management of public companies, both large and small, to annually assess and report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.
Which of the following best define Benchmarking?
Allows risk managers or healthcare organizations to look outside their own setting to identify best performers in the industry. When processes are to be evaluated, healthcare organizations may wish to look outside the healthcare industry to identify other service providers who have excelled at the same or similar function.
Collect only data elements from within their own organization. The data can be analyzed after the first data collection to identify best performers at the unit or department levels.
Process of collecting and analyzing data to identify trends in performance and, when compared with other collectors of the same data, identifying best performers and determining if interventions that were introduced to address identified problems yielded the desired results.
Which of the following best define Internal Benchmarking?
Which of the following best define External or Competitive Benchmarking?
Which of the following are the claims data collected as part of the benchmarking process aggregated to establish rates?
Number of incidents per year.
Number of potentially compensable events.
Number of claims per year.
Benchmarking is risk management can be both a challenging and exciting activity, yielding valuable information that can provide direction to the organization.
Which areas could Risk Managers add value to the administration of Workers Compensation?
Risk Financing
Loss Prevention
Loss Mitigation
Claims Administration
Claims Administration: handling workers’ compensation claims bears some resemblance to handling professional-liability or general- liability claims, except fewer issues are subject to dispute and the payments are controlled by statutory schedules. The extensive medical knowledge gained from professional liability claims becomes very beneficial in workers’ compensation because most issues are resolved by medical opinion.
Loss Mitigation: Reducing the accidents giving rise to workers’ compensation claims can be incorporated easily into the risk manager’s role. Given the volume of workers’ compensation incidents, it is usually possible not only to analyze the loss history to pinpoint likely sources of problems but also to demonstrate improvements using the loss data.
Which of the followings is NOT one of the 10 events on the National Quality Forum’s “never-events” list?
Objects left in the body during surgery
Mismatched blood transfusion
Air embolism
Is Vascular-catheter- associated infections one of the 10 events on the National Quality Forum “never-events” list?
Obstetrics and Neonatology, Anesthesia and Emergency Medicine were those clinical areas given early risk modification efforts because:
Patients were often highly vulnerable to errors.
Providing care required or was supplemented by the use of complex technology.
The injuries suffered were significant and often deadly.
A and B only
A high-reliability organization (HRO) is a complex high-hazard organization that is prone to unexpected error or injury.
The platform for patient safety and the rationality of promoting a culture of high reliability is predicated on multiple important competencies:
The ability to reinforce the systems and structures to promote safety based on evidence drawn from the science of safety.
The ability to create a culture that develops and supports those who provide care and services to allow for greater capacity for teamwork, risk awareness, risk mitigation, and resiliency.
The ability to focus and align resources to create and promote advancements in safety.
The commitment to assure that evidence-based, patient-centered and system-centered work is done.
Which of the following states the concept that reduces the probability of accident and harm?
Health care is a complex system, and complex systems are inherently risk-prone, particularly operating rooms, intensive care units, and emergency rooms.
People, no matter how competent and vigilant, are fallible because they are human and therefore physically and psychologically limited in memory capacity and the ability to deal with simultaneous multiple cognitive demands.
People create safety by defending against risk and intercepting error before it reaches the patient.
Safety is a system and can pose threats of failure from inadequate or clumsy equipment, fatigue- inducing schedules, flawed or incomplete procedures, excessive incentives for production, and risk-prone professional and organizational cultures often associated with faulty communications.
Which of the following are safety principles from industry to incorporate into daily work?
An employee- training process that trains staff in effective teamwork, decision making, risk awareness, and error management.
Policies and procedures that simplify and standardize work processes and products.
A commitment to designing self-correcting systems or redundant systems.
Systems and processes that reduce reliance on human memory through protocols, checklists, and automated systems.
Which of the following are generally the most common allegations of malpractice problems associated with emergency medicine related to a failure to diagnose?
Fractures
Myocardial Infarctions
Complications of lacerations, including tendons and nerves
Foreign bodies in wounds
Which of the following is considered Primary Allegations Arising out of Obstetric Neonatal Care?
Infant neuromuscular development problems
Maternal hemorrhage
Maternal or infant death
Delay in failure to treat fetal distress–delayed Cesarean section
The most frequent allegations related to surgery are:
Postoperative complications, including death
Inadvertent acts and Inappropriate procedures
Unnecessary surgery and Retained foreign bodies
d. Postoperative infection
Informed Consent is not important when discussing risk management in surgery and anesthesia.
Which of the following is an example of engineered patient safety practice?
Requiring computerized physician order entry
Mandating pre-procedure “time-outs” and checklists
Communication tools including situation background analysis recommendation
The use of approved and restricted abbreviation lists for clinical documentation
Lean organizations see that every problem and cause of variation, whether a highly visible severe harm event must be addressed to prevent the problem from becoming a severe harm.
Which of the following is one of the Applicability to Risk Management?
Prevention of adverse events
Mitigation of outcomes
Reduction of claim likelihood
A and C
e. A, B, and C
Which of the following procedures requires Express Consent?
Surgery (major/minor)
Anesthesia
Radiographic imaging
Blood, blood product transfusion, and Biopsies
The two principal types of consent are implied consent and expressed consent.
The implied consent is based on either verbal or written expression from the patient that a proposed course of treatment is acceptable.
Expressed Consent is based on an unspoken understanding between the treating physician and the patient that a proposed method of treatment is advisable and suitable to both parties.
Components of clear communication include the ability to speak and write plainly about health information, to effectively use visual aids, to implement teach-back techniques in which patients’ true comprehension is tested, to provide interpreter services when required, and to provide culturally competent care to all patients.
The Joint Commission Resources published “ Strategies for Addressing Health Care Worker Fatigue” and named education as the foundation of raising awareness and thereby reducing fatigue in the workplace.
Handoff communication is the contemporaneous, interactive process of passing patient-specific information from one caregiver or team of caregivers to another for the purpose of ensuring the continuity and safety of the patient’s care.
Which of the followings are elements that should be included in handoff?
Interactive communication that allows for the opportunity for questioning between the giver and receiver of patient information
Up- to- date information regarding the patient’s condition, care, treatment, medications, services, and any recent or anticipated changes.
An opportunity for the receiver of the handoff information to review relevant patient historical data
Interruptions during handoffs are limited to minimize the possibility that information fails to be conveyed
SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation
The SBAR system is helpful but does not always meet the criteria needed for a complete and safe handoff.
The hospital setting most handoff communication policies for nurses include the following:
Handoffs must be interactive so that the nurse receiving the patient has the opportunity to question and confirm what is reported.
There should be minimal interruptions. The content of the report should be objective, concise, and related to the patient’s care.
Nurses are responsible for all handoff communications to contain specific information such as age, gender, diagnosis, allergies, medications, and code status.
Plan-do-check-act is an approach to systematic process improvement and patient safety promotion.
There is no fundamental responsibility of the hospital board to the community regarding patient safety or quality care.
When managing clinical risk, the initiative should include hiring the right staff or offering additional training to current staff.
The CMS strategy of pay for performance helps place patient safety responsibility on physicians.
A focus on physician competency and the requirement for medical staff to be active in QA initiatives can ensure safe, quality care.
False