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Presentation/PPT
27/08/2022
Please help me from part 3
A company has affiliates in seven countries. Each affiliate enters into transactions with the other affiliates in the course of business. The company has determined that on average a remittance from one affiliate to another costs $30. This cost includes bank fees for international funds transfer, costs in each affiliate to process the payment/receipt, and average cost to exchange currency. (Except for this cost, the information for each question is specific to that question.)
Aggregating payments
1. In one quarter, the US affiliate made 24 purchases from the Japan affiliate and the Japan affiliate made 8 purchases from the US affiliate.
a. What is the total transaction costs of payments if each affiliate pays each invoice separately?
For 24 purchases by US the cost of remittance considering each invoice is paid separately = 24 x 30 = 720
For 8 purchases by Japan the cost of remittance considering each invoice is paid separately = 8 x 30 = 240
Total transaction cost = 720 + 240 = $960
b. What is the total transaction costs of payments if the US affiliate aggregates all amounts paid to the Japan affiliate and makes a single payment covering the total amount of all 24 invoices and the Japan affiliate aggregates all amounts paid to the US affiliate and makes a single payment covering the total amount of all 8 invoices?
For 24 purchases by US the cost of remittance considering all invoice payments are aggregated into single remittance = $ 30
For 8 purchases by Japan the cost of remittance considering all invoice payments are aggregated into single remittance = 8 x 30 = 240
Total transaction cost = 30 + 240 = 270
2a. If each of the seven affiliates averages 15 purchases from each of the other affiliates during a quarter, what is the total transaction costs for payments if each affiliate pays each invoice separately?
Each Affiliate averages 12 purchases from other Affiliates = 15 x 6 = 90 remittances
Total Number of remittances = 90 x 7 = 630 remittances
Total transaction cost if each invoice is paid separately = 630 x 30 = 18,900
b. What is the total transaction costs for payments if each affiliate aggregates all amounts due for the quarter and makes a single payment to each other affiliate covering that total?
Total Number of remittances considering all invoice payments are aggregated into single remittance by Affiliate = 6 x 7 = 42
Total transaction cost if each invoice is paid separately = 42 x 30 = 1,260
Payment netting
The following table indicates the aggregate quarterly invoices (in US$) between each affiliated company for a recent quarter.
3a. If the affiliates use bi-lateral payment netting, what payments will be made?
b. What is the total transaction cost for all payments with bi-lateral payment netting?
4a. If the company uses multi-lateral payment netting, what payments should be made? (There are more than one ways to arrange these payments. You only need to indicate on possible way.)
b. What is the total transaction cost for all remittances with multi-lateral payment netting?
5. If the company uses a re-invoice center, there are likely to be more payments and as a result higher transaction costs than with e.g., multi-lateral netting. Why might the company still elect to use a re-invoice center?
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